Day 5 Quiz: Inductive Reasoning and Critical Thinking

This quiz has 10 questions, total score 100 points

Each question is worth 10 points, no penalty for wrong answers

For multiple choice questions, please select the most appropriate answer

1. The characteristic of Inductive Reasoning is:

  • A. From general to specific
  • B. From specific to general
  • C. The conclusion must be true
  • D. Does not add new information

2. Which of the following is NOT a factor in evaluating the strength of an Argument by Analogy?

  • A. Number of similarities
  • B. Relevance of similarities
  • C. Complexity of the conclusion
  • D. Relevance of differences

3. The "Post Hoc Fallacy" refers to:

  • A. Believing that if B occurs after A, then A is the cause of B
  • B. Believing that if A and B are correlated, then A is the cause of B
  • C. Ignoring that A and B might have a common cause C
  • D. Ignoring that causal relationships can be complex, involving multiple factors

4. Mill's "Method of Difference" refers to:

  • A. If in all cases where a result occurs, there is a common factor, then that factor may be the cause of the result
  • B. If a change in one factor is accompanied by a change in the result, then that factor may be the cause of the result
  • C. If certain factors are known to cause part of a result, then the remaining part of the result may be caused by other factors
  • D. If two situations differ in only one factor and the result also differs, then that different factor may be the cause of the difference in result

5. Mill's "Method of Agreement" refers to:

  • A. If in all cases where a result occurs, there is a common factor, then that factor may be the cause of the result
  • B. If a change in one factor is accompanied by a change in the result, then that factor may be the cause of the result
  • C. If certain factors are known to cause part of a result, then the remaining part of the result may be caused by other factors
  • D. If two situations differ in only one factor and the result also differs, then that different factor may be the cause of the difference in result

6. Mill's "Method of Concomitant Variation" refers to:

  • A. If in all cases where a result occurs, there is a common factor, then that factor may be the cause of the result
  • B. If a change in one factor is accompanied by a change in the result, then that factor may be the cause of the result
  • C. If certain factors are known to cause part of a result, then the remaining part of the result may be caused by other factors
  • D. If two situations differ in only one factor and the result also differs, then that different factor may be the cause of the difference in result

7. Mill's "Method of Residues" refers to:

  • A. If in all cases where a result occurs, there is a common factor, then that factor may be the cause of the result
  • B. If a change in one factor is accompanied by a change in the result, then that factor may be the cause of the result
  • C. If certain factors are known to cause part of a result, then the remaining part of the result may be caused by other factors
  • D. If two situations differ in only one factor and the result also differs, then that different factor may be the cause of the difference in result

8. Which of the following is NOT a basic step in Critical Thinking?

  • A. Identifying the problem
  • B. Gathering information
  • C. Evaluating evidence
  • D. Accepting authority views

9. In scientific method, "falsifiability" means:

  • A. The hypothesis must be true
  • B. The hypothesis can be proven false
  • C. The hypothesis must be simple
  • D. The hypothesis must be consistent with known theories

10. The scientific method combines which two types of reasoning?

  • A. Argument by Analogy and Causal Reasoning
  • B. Critical Thinking and Creative Thinking
  • C. Deductive Reasoning and Inductive Reasoning
  • D. Formal Logic and Dialectical Logic